public limited liabilitylimited liability

What is “PAO”?

PAO (Public joint-stock company) is a public limited liability company used primarily in Russia. It signals limited liability and potential public listing.

Where it's used

PAO appears in company names registered in the following jurisdiction:

RU · Russia

What it tells you about the company

LiabilityOwners' liability is limited to their capital contribution. Personal assets are protected.
OwnershipMay issue publicly traded shares listed on a stock exchange.
ComparableBroadly equivalent to Corp in United States, AG in Germany, SA in France.

Equivalent forms around the world

These are the closest structural equivalents to PAO in other jurisdictions — same entity category, different national law.

CountryEquivalent suffix
United StatesCorp
GermanyAG
FranceSA
FranceAE
GermanyAGKGA
GermanyAKGKA
RussiaAOZT
GermanyCOAG
RussiaGUP
GermanyINVAG
RussiaJSC
GermanyKGA
RussiaOAO
United KingdomPLC
GermanyREITAG
GermanySE
GermanySE*
FranceSEM
FranceSICAF
FranceSICAV
FranceSPA
United KingdomULTD

Normalizing “PAO” in your data

When matching or deduplicating company records, the legal suffix is noise — Acme PAO” and “Acme” should resolve to the same entity. One API call strips it and returns a stable canonical form:

Request
curl -X POST https://api.ambect.com/v1/normalize/company \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $AMBECT_KEY" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{"name": "Acme PAO", "country": "ru"}'
Response
{
  "data": {
    "canonical": "acme pao",
    "legal_type": null,
    "tokens": [
      "acme",
      "pao"
    ]
  },
  "meta": {
    "pipeline": [
      "lowercase",
      "legal_suffix"
    ],
    "confidence": 0.99
  }
}

Frequently asked questions

What does PAO mean?

PAO means "Public joint-stock company".

Is a PAO public or private?

A PAO is a public entity — it can issue shares that are listed and traded on a stock exchange.

What is the liability in a PAO?

Owners of a PAO have limited liability. Their personal assets are protected, and their exposure is capped at the amount they invested.

Which countries use PAO?

PAO is used in Russia.

Need to normalize PAO at scale? The Ambect API handles it across 100+ countries in under 5 ms.

Try the live normalizer free →